Protect Yourself from Dengue: What You Need to Know to Stay Safe

Protect Yourself from Dengue: What You Need to Know to Stay Safe

Dengue is a dangerous disease spread by infected Aedes mosquitoes. It’s most common during the rainy season when puddles and stagnant water create perfect breeding grounds for these mosquitoes. Unfortunately, Hyderabad has recently witnessed a sharp increase in dengue cases, with numbers skyrocketing by tenfold in just one month. In this article, we’ll explore the changing nature of dengue, its symptoms, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment, all presented in simple language.

Understanding Dengue

Dengue is a viral disease that starts with symptoms like high fever, severe headaches, pain behind the eyes, and muscle or joint pain. Sometimes the pain can be so intense that dengue is called ‘breakbone fever.’ Other symptoms include abdominal pain, vomiting, rapid breathing, bleeding gums or nose, fatigue, swollen glands, rash, restlessness, blood in vomit or stool, excessive thirst, pale and cold skin, and weakness. Dengue can lead to a dangerous condition called Dengue Shock Syndrome or Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, which can be fatal.

Diagnosis

It’s critical to get medical help right away if you encounter any of these symptoms. Doctors can confirm dengue through a blood test. Different blood tests can detect various components of the virus or antibodies. Serological methods can also confirm past infections.

Preventing Dengue

The best way to avoid dengue is by preventing mosquito bites. Here are some easy things you can do to safeguard your family and yourself:

1. Wear Protective Clothing: Wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants to cover your skin, especially during dawn and dusk when mosquitoes are most active.
2. Use Mosquito Repellent: Apply mosquito repellent on exposed skin and clothing. Choose a repellent containing DEET, picaridin, or oil of lemon eucalyptus for effective protection.
3. Mosquito Nets: Sleep under a mosquito net, especially if you live in an area with a high mosquito population.
4. Fumigation: Use mosquito coils or electronic mosquito repellent devices in your home to keep mosquitoes at bay.
5. Clean Your Surroundings: Remove stagnant water from containers, buckets, and coolers around your home. These are potential breeding grounds for Aedes mosquitoes. Make sure your balconies are also free from stagnant water.
6. Stay Informed: Keep up to date with local news and health advisories, especially during the rainy season, when the risk of dengue is higher.

Changing Dengue Strains

Dengue has evolved over the years. DENV1 and DENV3 were the only strains present at first. After 2012, DENV2 became the dominant strain. Recently, DENV4 has been the most common strain in South India. Mortality often occurs due to Dengue Shock Syndrome or Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever.

Managing Dengue

If you or someone you know is diagnosed with dengue, here’s what you should do:

1. Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of fluids like water, oral rehydration solutions, coconut water, and clear soups. Adequate hydration helps maintain blood volume and platelet levels.
2. Balanced Diet: Provide a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean meats, and healthy fats. Avoid salty, spicy, and oily foods.
3. Rest: Rest is crucial for recovery. Even though you may feel like being active, it’s essential to rest and allow your body to heal.
4. Platelet Counts: Regularly monitor platelet counts with the help of a healthcare expert. A significant drop in platelet count or bleeding issues may require specific treatments like platelet transfusion.
5. Vitamins and Minerals: Foods rich in vitamin K, iron, folate, and vitamin C can aid platelet synthesis and healing. Include foods like papaya, pomegranate, and citrus fruits in your diet.
6. Seek Medical Advice: If you suspect dengue, consult a healthcare professional, especially for children, who may need individualized guidance and treatment based on the severity of the disease.

Conclusion

In the face of rising dengue cases, it’s essential to stay informed and take preventive measures. Dengue can be a severe illness, but with early diagnosis and proper medical care, recovery is possible. Remember to wear protective clothing, use mosquito repellent, and keep your surroundings clean to reduce the risk of mosquito bites. Stay safe, stay informed, and seek medical help if you experience dengue symptoms. By working together, we can protect ourselves and our communities from this deadly disease.